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Powell Opens Door to Rate Cut as Markets Surge

Economy | Aug 22, 2025

Freepik interest rate cut

Image: Freepik

Powell Signals Possible September Rate Cut, Igniting Market Rally

On Aug 22 2025, Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell delivered his Jackson Hole speech that suggested an interest rate cut may be on the table as soon as September. His comments came as the central bank weighs a weakening labour market and persistent but easing inflationary pressures.

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Powell described a slowing economy with payroll job growth falling to just 35,000 per month over the past three months compared with 168,000 per month in 2024. The 4.2% unemployment rate is up from lows reached last year. He noted that downside risks to employment are rising even as tariff related price increases continue to flow through supply chains.

Figure 1 US Unemployment Rate

Image: US Unemployment Rate (Bureau of Labor Statistics)

Powell, Fed Reserve Chair, importantly said:

"[With policy already in restrictive territory] the baseline outlook and the shifting balance of risks may warrant adjusting our policy stance.”

Markets Surge on Dovish Tone

Equity markets surged immediately following Powell’s comments. The S&P 500 and Nasdaq rose more than 1.5 percent by noon Friday, the Dow Jones Industrial Average climbed more than 900 points, and the Russell 2000 gained 3.8%. Treasury yields moved lower while the US dollar weakened. Crypto assets also rallied with bitcoin up 3.8% and ether jumping 13.2%.

Market participants interpreted Powell’s message as a strong hint at near term easing. The CME FedWatch tool now shows a near 90% probability of a 25 basis point rate cut in September. Analysts argue that Powell is signalling a tilt toward supporting jobs while treating tariff driven inflation as more temporary.  The Fed’s tone has shifted from a singular focus on inflation to a more balanced consideration of employment risks.

Outlook

The Federal Reserve’s final decision will be based on incoming data. The August employment report and mid September inflation release will be critical in determining whether the Fed follows through with a rate cut. As Powell emphasized, monetary policy will depend on how the evolving balance of risks plays out.

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The bottom line is that Powell’s Jackson Hole remarks have repositioned the Fed’s policy stance. By acknowledging weakening labour conditions while downplaying longer lasting inflation threats, Powell has set expectations for a September rate cut, and markets have already pricing in an easier policy, triggering a broad a rally across stocks, bonds, and crypto.


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