Karsten Wenzlaff, Advisor
August 26th, 2025
Karsten Wenzlaff is a Crowdfunding and Fintech Expert from Germany. He is Secretary-General of Digit[...]
Category Archives: Web3, Decentralization, DAOs
Broadridge Expands Digital Assets Into Canada Wealth
Apr 14, 2026 | NCFA Fintech Market Activity | Capital Markets And Market Infrastructure, Wealth Investing And Trading
Digital Assets Move Into Advisor Platforms
On April 13, 2026, Broadridge launched digital asset capabilities for Canadian wealth management firms, bringing crypto and tokenized assets into the same system used for traditional investments. The platform supports trading, custody, and asset servicing across both digital and conventional assets.
Broadridge says its digital asset infrastructure processes more than $8 trillion in tokenized assets each month across global markets. It's an important figure because it shows this type of infrastructure is already operating at scale, even as Canadian wealth firms are only now starting to bring digital assets into mainstream portfolio systems.
The operational gap has been clear for a while. Many wealth firms have handled digital assets through separate providers, separate custody arrangements, and separate compliance processes. That creates friction for advisors, clients, and back office teams. Broadridge is trying to remove that split by putting digital and traditional assets into one environment.
Tim Gokey, Chief Executive Officer of Broadridge:
"Digital assets are increasingly becoming a part of a diversified portfolio, and Canadian wealth managers need a way to support tokenization. The Broadridge digital asset solution delivers a streamlined and integrated suite of capabilities built upon the scale and functional depth of our existing solutions. By simplifying complexity behind the scenes, we are creating a streamlined front-end experience for our clients that will accelerate digital adoption in Canada."
Canadian wealth management is one of the most regulated and operationally conservative parts of financial services. By including digital asset capabilities into this layer suggests adoption is moving past early users and toward advisor-led distribution, formal oversight, and standard portfolio administration.
See: Tokenization Finds Scale In Collateral And Cash
Instead of routing digital assets through separate systems, firms can manage them alongside existing portfolios using the same workflows and controls. That reduces operational friction and makes it easier to supervise activity across asset types.
Broadridge continues to push into tokenized market infrastructure. Just last week, Broadridge added on chain governance to tokenized equities, extending support for proxy voting, disclosures, and lifecycle events across tokenized holdings.
Talking Point
Broadridge is bringing digital assets into the core systems used by Canadian wealth firms. With this approach, tokenized assets are being built into core financial workflows, not left in parallel systems.
The National Crowdfunding & Fintech Association (NCFA Canada) is a financial innovation ecosystem that provides education, market intelligence, industry stewardship, networking and funding opportunities and services to thousands of community members and works closely with industry, government, partners and affiliates to create a vibrant and innovative fintech and funding industry in Canada. Decentralized and distributed, NCFA is engaged with global stakeholders and helps incubate projects and investment in fintech, alternative finance, crowdfunding, peer-to-peer finance, payments, digital assets and tokens, artificial intelligence, blockchain, cryptocurrency, regtech, and insurtech sectors. Join Canada's Fintech & Funding Community today FREE! Or become a contributing member and get perks. For more information, please visit: www.ncfacanada.org
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Investor Revolt Exposes Token Control And Collateral Risk
Apr 13, 2026 | NCFA Insight | Digital Assets Blockchain And Tokenization, Risk Compliance And Regtech
Investor Backlash Highlights Token Control And Risk
A public dispute and investor backlash at World Liberty Financial (WLFI) is exposing two issues in token markets: who controls the asset, and what happens when a project uses its own token as collateral.
The control question surfaced first. Justin Sun alleged hidden wallet freeze controls in WLFI's token design. World Liberty rejected the allegation and threatened legal action, which doesn't settle the technical question, but it does expose the governance problem. If investors are unclear about who can intervene and control the asset, confidence weakens quickly.
Justin Sun, investor in World Liberty Financial:
“a trap masquerading as a door”
I am calling on World Liberty Financial @worldlibertyfi to publicly disclose who controls the single guardian EOA and the 3/5 multisig that govern the WLFI smart contract.
Every investor has the right to know who holds the power to freeze their assets.
Here is what on-chain… https://t.co/dxYKDp5Zbi— H.E. Justin Sun 👨🚀 🌞 (@justinsuntron) April 13, 2026
The collateral issue is easier to understand and harder to dismiss. $75 million borrowed against WLFI means the project used its own token to support leverage. If the token falls, the collateral weakens. That creates a self reinforcing risk where price declines can lead to more pressure on the asset. If the position needs support, pressure can build on price, liquidity, and trust at the same time.
The current backlash doesn't come out of nowhere. Earlier in the project’s lifecycle, WLFI’s initial token sale reached only 4% of its $300 million target, raising about $12 million on day one. The token was structured as a non transferable governance asset, which limited liquidity and reduced speculative demand. Those early signs pointed to questions around investor incentives and value capture that are now resurfacing in a different form.
This is where token design and investor protection collide. Admin controls, freeze powers, or blacklist functions are not unusual on their own. In some cases, they support compliance and fraud controls. The problem starts when those powers are not clearly understood by holders, or when decentralization language creates expectations the structure doesn't meet. At one point, the asset can look less like open infrastructure and more like a centrally managed financial product.
See: Apex Group Pilots WLFI USD1 Stablecoin for Tokenized Funds
The borrowing structure adds another layer. Projects can use leverage to support operations or liquidity, but using the native token itself as collateral blurs the line between treasury management and price support. Investors then have to evaluate not only market risk, but also insider control, disclosure quality, and whether the structure holds up when markets turn the other way.
A key lesson here is that token markets still move faster than disclosure standards. That gap is manageable in a strong market, but it can quickly break when investors start asking who controls the asset, who benefits from the structure, and who carries the downside when confidence breaks.
Talking Point
Investor revolts in token markets rarely stop at price. When a project uses its own token as collateral and holders are unsure who can intervene in the asset, trust can disappear quickly.
The National Crowdfunding & Fintech Association (NCFA Canada) is a financial innovation ecosystem that provides education, market intelligence, industry stewardship, networking and funding opportunities and services to thousands of community members and works closely with industry, government, partners and affiliates to create a vibrant and innovative fintech and funding industry in Canada. Decentralized and distributed, NCFA is engaged with global stakeholders and helps incubate projects and investment in fintech, alternative finance, crowdfunding, peer-to-peer finance, payments, digital assets and tokens, artificial intelligence, blockchain, cryptocurrency, regtech, and insurtech sectors. Join Canada's Fintech & Funding Community today FREE! Or become a contributing member and get perks. For more information, please visit: www.ncfacanada.org
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LISE Gives EU DLT Pilot A Live SME IPO Test
Apr 10, 2026 | NCFA Fintech Insight | Capital Markets And Market Infrastructure
ST GROUP Puts Regulated Tokenized Equity Issuance Into Live Production
On April 9, 2026, subscriptions opened for the ST GROUP IPO on LISE (Lightning Stock Exchange), a regulated European exchange that brings trading and settlement together for tokenized securities under the EU DLT Pilot Regime. The fixed price is €18.25 per share and the company is raising about €2.6 million, with room to increase the offer to about €3.0 million. The offer runs through April 20, with a possible extension. That gives the EU DLT Pilot Regime something it has needed for a while: a live primary equity raise with real terms, a real issuer, and a real funding target.
The EU DLT Pilot Regime has been in force since March 2023. It gives firms a legal framework to run trading and settlement for tokenized financial instruments through new market structures, including a DLT multilateral trading facility and combined settlement system. In other words, Europe didn't create this regime to generate headlines about blockchain. It created it to test whether capital markets infrastructure could be rebuilt with fewer layers, faster settlement, and lower operating friction.
First Real Test Of The EU DLT Market Model
LISE says it operates both an organized multilateral trading facility and a distributed ledger settlement system under Regulation (EU) 2022/858. Traditional public listings split trading, post trade processing, and settlement across separate institutions. LISE is testing whether more of that stack can sit inside one regulated environment. If that model works, it will change listing economics, in addition to settlement mechanics.
Tokenized infrastructure is already running at scale in other parts of the market. Tokenization is gaining traction in collateral and cash markets, where platforms like Broadridge’s distributed ledger repo system are processing more than $300 billion in average daily volume and trillions in monthly activity. Governance is moving in the same direction, with on-chain voting and corporate actions now being applied to tokenized equities. Now, LISE is testing and bringing primary issuance into that stack.
That is where the small to medium enterprise (SME) angle becomes important. Smaller companies often stay out of public markets because the structure is too heavy for the amount of capital they need. The friction and costs are simply too great for the legal work, process coordination, time to market, listing support, and the number of institutions involved. A simpler stack doesn't remove disclosure, governance, or investor protection requirements, but it can help remove costs and delays. That is why this offer deserves attention. It is one of the clearest live tests so far of whether tokenized infrastructure can make public capital markets more usable for smaller issuers rather than just more efficient for large enterprise players.
See: AI, Capital, Money Rewire Financial Infrastructure In 2026
ST GROUP also makes the test more credible. It's not a crypto-native issuer trying to force a blockchain story into the market. It's an operating company in aerospace and defense. A real issuer with fixed pricing and a defined subscription window, so in a way it's much more than just a pilot announcement.
The strategic implications are significant. If integrated issuance, trading, and settlement work in production as planned, pressure will begin to build across legacy chain and support around smaller listings. Exchanges, depositories, advisers, and other support layers still add value, but they also add cost. When a regulated venue starts collapsing parts of that chain into software and workflow, the market gets to see which service layers are essential and which are inherited from older infrastructure.
Canada faces a similar financing problem. Many growth companies find public markets too burdensome while private capital remains opaque/uneven, and bank lending has limits. If Europe can show that regulated digital market infrastructure lowers the cost of reaching investors without cutting corners on market structure, it will create a live benchmark for how smaller issuers could access capital differently in a world of tokenized equity issuance.
Closing Outlook
It now comes down to execution. Subscriptions need to convert. Settlement needs to clear without friction. Trading needs to open with enough depth to support price discovery. If those pieces hold, LISE shows that regulated tokenized infrastructure can support real capital formation. The EU DLT Pilot Regime is now being tested in a live market with real issuers, real investors, and real money on the line.
The National Crowdfunding & Fintech Association (NCFA Canada) is a financial innovation ecosystem that provides education, market intelligence, industry stewardship, networking and funding opportunities and services to thousands of community members and works closely with industry, government, partners and affiliates to create a vibrant and innovative fintech and funding industry in Canada. Decentralized and distributed, NCFA is engaged with global stakeholders and helps incubate projects and investment in fintech, alternative finance, crowdfunding, peer-to-peer finance, payments, digital assets and tokens, artificial intelligence, blockchain, cryptocurrency, regtech, and insurtech sectors. Join Canada's Fintech & Funding Community today FREE! Or become a contributing member and get perks. For more information, please visit: www.ncfacanada.org
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Broadridge Adds On-Chain Governance To Tokenized Equities
Apr 7, 2026 | NCFA Fintech Market Activity | Capital Markets And Market Infrastructure, Digital Assets And Tokenization
Voting And Corporate Actions For Tokenized Shares
On April 6, 2026, Broadridge launched on-chain governance to tokenized equities. The platform now supports proxy voting, corporate actions, and disclosures across traditional and tokenized holdings inside the same workflows institutions already use.
Broadridge is bringing real scale into this launch. The company says its tokenization capabilities already process $8 trillion in tokenized assets per month. It also says its technology platforms process and generate more than 7 billion communications annually and support the daily average trading of more than $15 trillion in tokenized and traditional securities globally.
This is significant because governance is one of the harder parts of tokenized equity infrastructure. Issuing a tokenized share is one step. Running the rights attached to that share is another. Broadridge now gives issuers a single view across registered, beneficial, and tokenized holdings, which makes governance easier to manage across the cap table.
See: ECB Sets A Roadmap For Tokenized Finance Infrastructure
Broadridge already confirmed a real public company use case with Galaxy planning to use the capability for its annual meeting and shareholder vote in May with native tokenized shares on Avalanche.
The company is also extending a tokenized market stack that already has live operating volume. In January 2026, Broadridge’s distributed ledger repo platform processed $365 billion in average daily volume, with total monthly volume of $7.3 trillion, up 508% from January 2025. Broadridge isn't entering tokenization from the sidelines, but rather extending existing market infrastructure into tokenized ownership.
Institutions don't only need tokenized shares. They need voting rights, disclosures, and corporate action controls that work inside familiar systems. That also builds on tokenized money market fund infrastructure from Goldman Sachs and BNY, where the market has already started solving issuance and settlement in a more usable way.
For issuers, custodians, and market operators, it makes tokenized equities easier to use and track inside real workflows. If governance is streamlined institutions have less friction and fewer reasons to hold back.
Talking Point
If tokenized equities can now handle voting and corporate actions inside existing workflows, which part of the traditional equity stack faces pressure next?
The National Crowdfunding & Fintech Association (NCFA Canada) is a financial innovation ecosystem that provides education, market intelligence, industry stewardship, networking and funding opportunities and services to thousands of community members and works closely with industry, government, partners and affiliates to create a vibrant and innovative fintech and funding industry in Canada. Decentralized and distributed, NCFA is engaged with global stakeholders and helps incubate projects and investment in fintech, alternative finance, crowdfunding, peer-to-peer finance, payments, digital assets and tokens, artificial intelligence, blockchain, cryptocurrency, regtech, and insurtech sectors. Join Canada's Fintech & Funding Community today FREE! Or become a contributing member and get perks. For more information, please visit: www.ncfacanada.org
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Google Brings Quantum Crypto Migration Closer
Apr 3, 2026 | NCFA Insight | Digital Assets, Blockchain And Tokenization
New Quantum Research Shortens Timeline For Post Quantum Planning
On Mar 31, 2026, Google Quantum AI published new research on crypto security that says future quantum computers may break the elliptic curve cryptography used by cryptocurrencies with fewer qubits and gates than many people expected.
The research follows a recent hardware breakthrough of Google’s Willow quantum chip with a more practical claim about what future hardware could mean for today’s crypto security. Google’s research looks at the hard math that protects the public and private keys used by Bitcoin and Ethereum. It compiled two attack circuits, one using fewer than 1,200 logical qubits and 90 million Toffoli gates, and another using fewer than 1,450 logical qubits and 70 million Toffoli gates.
Based on the paper’s assumptions, Google estimates those circuits could run in a few minutes on a machine with fewer than 500,000 physical qubits, which is about 20 times less than earlier estimates. Google is saying the hardware threshold for breaking the cryptography behind today’s crypto keys may be much lower than the industry thought.
Bottom line is that the crypto industry may have less time than it thought to get ready for Quantum.
Bitcoin Looks More Exposed Than Ethereum
The paper doesn't treat every chain the same. Google says Bitcoin is more exposed to an attack during a transaction because public keys can become visible before settlement is final and the network approx. 10 minutes block gives an attacker more time to act. While Ethereum’s shorter block timing makes that specific early path less practical under the same assumptions.
See: BTQ Technologies Announces Quantum Safe Bitcoin Demo
The takeaway is that quantum pressure will hit networks differently, with exposure depending on key handling, wallet design, settlement timing, and how hard it is for a chain to coordinate an upgrade once the clock starts ticking.
Migration Needs to Start Early
Digital asset exchanges, custodians, wallet firms, and infrastructure providers can’t swap out cryptography overnight. They’ll need code changes, testing, governance, user education, and in some cases a messy transition across older systems that were never built for this kind of change.
Some firms have a much harder job than others. A Bitcoin holder reusing addresses and sitting on older wallet structures faces a different migration problem from a user operating through newer wallet tooling and faster transaction environments.
A custodian protecting large balances across older signing infrastructure has a bigger operational problem than a newer platform with cleaner architecture and fewer legacy constraints.
What Operators Should Do Now
- Wallet providers should reduce unnecessary key exposure and push users away from address reuse where wallet design and user flows still allow it
- Custodians should identify which signing flows, recovery processes, and long lived assets will be hardest to move
- Exchanges should review deposit and withdrawal design, especially where old wallet structures or slow user migration could turn into a bottleneck
- Protocol communities should stop treating this as a distant research file and start mapping what an orderly upgrade would actually require
See: DeFi Lending Data Exposes Leverage And Liquidation Risks
None of that is glamorous. However, it's the kind of work that determines who is will adapt clearly versus scrambling later on when the heat turns up at the risk of a user or investor base.
Takeaway
Google is already working towards a 2030 post quantum migration across its own systems. Google isn't getting their crystal ball out with a specific deadline for the crypto threat, but they do show it's no longer a distant research file for major infrastructure players. Teams that start early will have options. Teams that wait may end up trying to fix cryptography, user migration, and governance at the same time.
The National Crowdfunding & Fintech Association (NCFA Canada) is a financial innovation ecosystem that provides education, market intelligence, industry stewardship, networking and funding opportunities and services to thousands of community members and works closely with industry, government, partners and affiliates to create a vibrant and innovative fintech and funding industry in Canada. Decentralized and distributed, NCFA is engaged with global stakeholders and helps incubate projects and investment in fintech, alternative finance, crowdfunding, peer-to-peer finance, payments, digital assets and tokens, artificial intelligence, blockchain, cryptocurrency, regtech, and insurtech sectors. Join Canada's Fintech & Funding Community today FREE! Or become a contributing member and get perks. For more information, please visit: www.ncfacanada.org
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DeFi Lending Data Exposes Leverage And Liquidation Risks
Apr 3, 2026 | NCFA Fintech Market Insight | Digital Assets Blockchain And Tokenization
Aave V3 data shows where returns and losses concentrate
On April 2, 2026, a DeFi lending risk analysis using Aave V3 data from the Bank of Canada analyzes transaction data on Ethereum to find a market that works operationally, but depends on narrow revenue pools, heavy overcollateralization, and fast liquidation when collateral prices fall.
The paper focuses on Aave V3 because it is the largest decentralized lending protocol by total value locked. It cites about $34 billion secured in smart contracts, roughly 25% of all DeFi TVL and about 50% of lending sector TVL. The data analyzed runs from January 27, 2023 to May 6, 2025, which gives the study enough depth to study how the model behaves in live market conditions and not just theory.
Returns Concentrate In A Small Set Of Aave V3 Assets
The earnings base is much narrower than the deposit base. On Aave V3, WETH, USDT, and USDC generate nearly 83% of total protocol earning in the sample. That doesn't mean the same pattern holds across the entire DeFi lending market, but it does show the largest lending protocol still relies heavily on a small set of assets to produce revenue.
See: Bank of Canada Paper: Fragility of DeFi Lending
Supply alone does not tell you much. Utilization does. A token can hold a large share of deposits and still contribute very little if borrowing demand stays weak. So careful about judging a lending model by total deposits alone. Look at it by which assets actually generate borrow demand, spread income, and recurring usage.
The comparison with banking makes the constraint clearer. In 2024, Aave V3 posts an estimated 0.64% net interest margin, versus 2.48% for major US banks and 1.69% for major Canadian banks.
Aave V3 also shows a 40.0% loan to deposit ratio, compared with 61.2% for major US banks and 74.2% for major Canadian banks. The model runs with lower overhead, but it also runs with tighter economics and lower capital efficiency.
Leverage Used By Small Group Of Users
Repeated borrowing and redepositing of the same collateral accounts for about 20.46% of total borrowed volume and 8.20% of borrowing transactions on Aave V3.
Only about 2% of active users engage in this behaviour, but that small group borrows more often, takes larger positions, uses more flash loans, and runs closer to liquidation.
See: Ledn Bitcoin Backed ABS Deal Enters Institutional Markets
Risk isn't evenly spread across the user base, but with a relatively small group of sophisticated users who amplify exposure through repeated borrow and redeposit loops. A protocol can look healthy at the aggregate level while vulnerability builds inside a small cluster of accounts.
Liquidations Hit In Waves
The largest liquidation wave in the sample reached about $258 million, and the top ten waves account for roughly 80% of total liquidated volume.
WETH, wstETH, WBTC, and weETH account for about 90% of total liquidated value. Collateral diversity on paper is not the same as resilience in practice. When account stress rises, losses still cluster around a small set of core assets.
Price Drops Trigger Most Losses
For all liquidated users, 84.40% of health factor deterioration comes from collateral price declines. For the largest borrowers, that rises to 97.28%. Interest rate changes play only a minor role in the hour before liquidation. So do borrower actions like repaying, withdrawing, borrowing, or supplying more assets.
See: ECB Sets A Roadmap For Tokenized Finance Infrastructure
Immediate risk is mostly market driven. If collateral drops hard enough, the position breaks. Everything else is secondary.
Borrower Losses Add Up Fast
Liquidation fees range from about 5% to 10% of liquidated value. When missed upside from post liquidation price recovery is added, combined borrower losses can reach roughly 10% to 30%.
Automation protects lenders and preserves solvency, but it forces borrowers out at the worst possible time. That raises a harder design question. How do you reduce forced exits before volatility does the damage?
Better Risk Design Needs Broader Collateral
The authors highlight tokenized real world assets as a way to broaden the collateral base and improve stability. They point to decentralized identity frameworks to support better underwriting.
They also raise the question of prudential tools such as leverage limits, capital requirements, or liquidity thresholds.
See: Slate Raises $1.3M for Embedded Lending in Canada
Concentration risk in DeFi isn't just exposure to a single token. It's dependence on a narrow collateral base, a narrow earnings base, and a narrow set of highly leveraged users. Broader collateral, stronger underwriting signals, and tighter limits can each address a different part of that problem.
What This Means For Builders And Market Operators
Focus on where revenue actually comes from. If earnings depend on a small number of assets, growth is more fragile than it looks.
Track who drives leverage, not just how many users exist. A small group can shape downside risk.
Improve collateral quality, not just collateral variety. Adding assets does not reduce risk if stress still runs through the same core tokens.
Build liquidation buffers into the product. Earlier warnings, better position visibility, and automated risk controls can reduce forced selling.
The strategic takeaway is DeFi lending demand isn't the issue, but rather risk concentration is. The platforms that stand out will spread exposure across better collateral, reduce reliance on highly leveraged users, and design systems that hold up when prices drop. That's how the model can mature from access to durable growth.
The National Crowdfunding & Fintech Association (NCFA Canada) is a financial innovation ecosystem that provides education, market intelligence, industry stewardship, networking and funding opportunities and services to thousands of community members and works closely with industry, government, partners and affiliates to create a vibrant and innovative fintech and funding industry in Canada. Decentralized and distributed, NCFA is engaged with global stakeholders and helps incubate projects and investment in fintech, alternative finance, crowdfunding, peer-to-peer finance, payments, digital assets and tokens, artificial intelligence, blockchain, cryptocurrency, regtech, and insurtech sectors. Join Canada's Fintech & Funding Community today FREE! Or become a contributing member and get perks. For more information, please visit: www.ncfacanada.org
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Crypto Self Custody Growth And User Behaviour Data
Mar 26, 2026 | NCFA Feature | Digital Assets Blockchain And Tokenization
Data Shows Trend Towards Self Controlled Crypto Custody
On March 24 2026, a Cointelegraph Research and Trezor report on self custody behaviour put hard numbers behind the trend that's been building for years. Trust in centralized platforms keeps falling. At the same time, self custody is moving out of the expert corner of crypto and into the mainstream for serious users.
The report draws on 375 survey responses and pairs that data with real world exchange failures, wallet design analysis, and a sober look at where users still get hurt. People have watched enough platforms fail, and now they're changing how they hold assets.
1. Trust In Exchanges Declines at Scale
A combined 65% of respondents say they trust centralized exchanges less than they did four years ago. Of that group, 45% say they trust them much less and 20% say they trust them a bit less
33% point to exchange hacks as the main driver. 27% point to collapses such as FTX. Another 26% point to regulatory restrictions.
The trend matches the market’s recent history. FTX exposed an estimated $8B hole in customer funds. QuadrigaCX collapsed amid fraud and broken internal controls. Mt. Gox lost about 850,000 BTC after years of theft and system failures.
The deeper issue is structural. Centralized platforms gather large pools of assets behind a small number of operational and administrative control points. That concentration makes them efficient in good times, but it also makes them attractive targets when something goes wrong. One breach, one fraud, one breakdown in controls, and the damage can spread fast.
2. Users Change Behaviour Fast
Users aren't just frustrated. They're acting on it.
A striking 85% of respondents agree with the phrase “not your keys, not your coins.” That includes 63% who strongly agree. It's becoming standard thinking for people who want lasting control over digital assets.
See: BitGo Adds USDCx And cBTC Custody On Canton
When asked why they use self custody, 57% say private key ownership is the main reason. Another 24% say maximum security drives the decision.
Most respondents say they would not leave assets on a custodial exchange for more than one month, even without an immediate panic event. In practice, exchanges are starting to look less like vaults and more like temporary access points.
3. Hardware Wallets Now Mainstream
One of the clearest data points in the report is that 36% of respondents actively use hardware wallets.
A hardware wallet keeps your private keys off your phone or computer. You set up a transaction on your device, then confirm and sign it on the hardware wallet. The keys never leave the wallet. This lowers the risk of malware, hacks, and common theft methods.
Hardware wallets protect your keys, but they don’t protect your decisions. They can confirm a transaction comes from your device, but they can’t always tell if you fully understand what you’re approving.
4. Self Custody Still Carries Hard Risk
Phishing is still one of the biggest risks. Attackers copy real wallet brands, fake support messages, and trick users into giving up their recovery phrase. Once that’s exposed, the funds are usually gone.
Blind signing is another major issue, especially with smart contracts. Users approve transactions without fully understanding what they do. The report highlights a real case where a malicious approval led to a $1.4B loss. That alone shows self custody is not just about buying a device and feeling safe.
See: The Role of a Crypto Wallet in Canada’s Digital Finance Future
Supply chain risk is also real. Some people buy wallets from unofficial sellers and receive devices that have been tampered with or come with preset seed phrases. It compromises the user before self custody even begins.
Physical security is becoming more serious as well. The report cites 74 publicly reported physical attacks on crypto holders in 2025, with at least 9 already recorded in January 2026. These are real world attacks tied to visible holdings and weak operational privacy.
Then there is the quieter problem that rarely gets enough attention, which is backup failure. The report estimates that roughly 10% of circulating Bitcoin supply may already be lost because users mismanage recovery material or lose access entirely. It reminds the market that the biggest long term risk in self custody may not be theft alone. It may be preventable self inflicted loss.
5. Regulation Adds Pressure
Another useful part of the report is its treatment of regulatory risk. Users are not only responding to hacks and insolvencies. They are also responding to the fact that access to funds can be interrupted, such as payment rail seizures, exchange shutdowns, withdrawal suspensions, and enforcement actions that cut off access to custodial accounts. Different cases arise from different legal and operational reasons.
Users who worry about counterparty exposure, platform freezes, or policy driven restrictions increasingly want a self custody setup they can control directly.
What Fintech Builders Can Learn
Digital wallets are becoming core control layers in digital asset finance. That assumes customers will keep meaningful balances on platform for long periods of time.
The next real product gap is not only stronger key storage, but clearer intent verification. Users need to know what they are signing, why they are signing it, and what will happen next. That means readable transaction flows, better simulation tools, stronger warnings, clearer address handling, and far less dependence on users interpreting raw contract data on the fly.
Security is central to the user experience. The firms that reduce confusion, expose hidden risk, and make recovery practices easier to manage will offer a match better product experience than companies that assume security begins and ends with cryptography.
See: Takeaways from the SEC’s Crypto Custody Roundtable
Finally, distribution and engagement models will keep changing as assets move off centralized platforms and into user controlled environments. Markets are evolving toward wallet centered ecosystems, service layers, and infrastructure that works with user sovereignty rather than around it.
Ownership does not create security on its own. Security comes from repeated good practice. Users need to verify transactions carefully, protect recovery material, source devices properly, and think through physical as well as digital threat models. Put differently, self custody is not a static product state. It is an operating discipline.
Closing Thought
Self custody is no longer a niche behaviour reserved for maximalists, techies, and power users. It is becoming a natural response to broken trust in centralized custody. It moves responsibility away from institutions and toward individuals, which means the next generation of financial products must do more than secure assets. They must help people operate safely in a digital finance world.
The National Crowdfunding & Fintech Association (NCFA Canada) is a financial innovation ecosystem that provides education, market intelligence, industry stewardship, networking and funding opportunities and services to thousands of community members and works closely with industry, government, partners and affiliates to create a vibrant and innovative fintech and funding industry in Canada. Decentralized and distributed, NCFA is engaged with global stakeholders and helps incubate projects and investment in fintech, alternative finance, crowdfunding, peer-to-peer finance, payments, digital assets and tokens, artificial intelligence, blockchain, cryptocurrency, regtech, and insurtech sectors. Join Canada's Fintech & Funding Community today FREE! Or become a contributing member and get perks. For more information, please visit: www.ncfacanada.org
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